/*

  breakout.cpp

  march 8, 2004 jar - initial file

  */

#include "stdafx.h"

HWND        g_hMainWnd;
HINSTANCE   g_hInst;

// Foward declarations of functions included in this code module:
LRESULT CALLBACK	WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

CgsdxIO *gb_pDX=NULL;

typedef struct
    {
    int paused;
    int done;
    }
GameInfo_t;

GameInfo_t gb_Info;

HWND InitWindow(int iCmdShow)
{
   HWND      hWnd;
   WNDCLASS  wc;

   wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
   wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
   wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
   wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
   wc.hInstance = g_hInst;
   wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(g_hInst, IDI_APPLICATION);
   wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
   wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH )GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
   wc.lpszMenuName = TEXT("");
   wc.lpszClassName = TEXT("Basic DDX");
   RegisterClass(&wc);

   hWnd = CreateWindowEx(
      WS_EX_TOPMOST,
      TEXT("Basic DDX"),
      TEXT("Basic DDX"),
      WS_POPUP,
      0,
      0,
      GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN),
      GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN),
      NULL,
      NULL,
      g_hInst,
      NULL);

   ShowWindow(hWnd, iCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);
   SetFocus(hWnd);

   return hWnd;

}

int DoLogic(CgsdxIO *dx)
{
    if ( gb_Info.paused )
        return gb_Info.done;

    if ( dx->IsKeyDown(DIK_ESCAPE) )
        gb_Info.done=1;

    return gb_Info.done;
}

int DoDraw(CgsdxIO *dx)
{
    int err=0;

    if ( gb_Info.paused )
        return 0;

    dx->RectFill(NULL, 0); // fill screen black
    dx->Flip();

    return err;
}

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
	MSG msg;

    g_hInst = hInstance;
    g_hMainWnd = InitWindow(nCmdShow);

    if(!g_hMainWnd)
        return -1;

    // dx
    CgsdxIO dx;

     if ( dx.InitResource(0) )
        return 0;
    if ( dx.InitGraphics(1024, 768, 32, GSDX_FULL_SCREEN, g_hInst, g_hMainWnd) )
        return 0;
    if ( dx.InitSound() )
        return 0;
    if ( dx.InitIO() )
        return 0;

    gb_pDX=&dx;

    gb_Info.done=0;
    gb_Info.paused=0;

    TRACE("[main] peek message\n");
    PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_NOREMOVE);

    // run till completed
    while ( msg.message!=WM_QUIT ) 
        {
        // is there a message to process?
        if ( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) ) 
            {
            // dispatch the message
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg); 
            } 
        else 
            {
            if ( !DoLogic(&dx) )
                DoDraw(&dx);
            else
                {
		    //PostQuitMessage(0);
                break;  // all done - esc pressed
                }
            }

        }

    ShowCursor(TRUE);

	return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM 
lParam)
{
   WORD fActive, fMinimized;

   switch (message)
       {
       case WM_DESTROY:
          PostQuitMessage(0);
          return 0;

        case WM_ACTIVATE:
            fActive = LOWORD(wParam);           // activation flag 
            fMinimized = (BOOL) HIWORD(wParam); // minimized flag 
            TRACE("[WndProc] active= %d\n", fActive);
            if ( fActive )
                {
                // un-pause
                gb_Info.paused=0;
                if ( gb_pDX )
                    {
                    gb_pDX->AcquireAllDevices();
                    }
                }
            else
                {
                // pause the game
                gb_Info.paused=1;
                }
            break;
       } // switch

   return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
} 

• Next open a new file, add the following text and save as stdafx.h

// stdafx.h : include file for standard system include files,
//  or project specific include files that are used frequently, but
//      are changed infrequently
//

#if !defined(AFX_STDAFX_H__A9DB83DB_A9FD_11D0_BFD1_444553540000__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_STDAFX_H__A9DB83DB_A9FD_11D0_BFD1_444553540000__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN		// Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers


// Windows Header Files:
//#include 
#include 
#include 

// C RunTime Header Files
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <tchar.h>

// Local Header Files

// TODO: reference additional headers your program requires here

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_STDAFX_H__A9DB83DB_A9FD_11D0_BFD1_444553540000__INCLUDED_)

At this point Build the project. It should compile and link. If run all it will do is show a black screen until you press ALT-F4. This is a good starting point for any simple DX project.

A Simple Game - Breakout

Now on to a small game - breakout. Before coding anything you must do at least some design work. For larger games more design work is required to have any chance of success. You should have the following things documented at a minimum before starting any coding:

• Rules for the game
• List of art work required
• Sound and Music requirements
• Major code components required
  • Game engine
  • Sound, Music
  • User i/o
  • User interface design
  • Supporting Utilities (editors, drawing programs, game map editors, etc...)
• Overview of game logic flow