References: Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Literature Referencing
Gender
Identity, Transsexualism, or Disturbances in Sexual
Differentiation in Exposed Males
July 2004 Update
by Scott Kerlin, Ph.D., DES Sons International Network
Online:
http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/des-sons
|
1950's
|
Kaplan,
N.M. (1959) Male pseudohermaphrodism: Report of
a case, with observations on pathogenesis. New England Journal of
Medicine 261: 641.
|
1970's
|
Yalom,
I.D., R. Green, and N. Fisk. (1973). Prenatal exposure
to female hormones: Effect on psychosexual development
in boys. Archives of General Psychiatry (April)
28: 554.
Ober,
W.B. (1976). Stilbestrol: A pathologist’s view. Pathology
Annual 11: 227.
Seyler,
L.E., E. Canalis, S. Spare, and S. Reichlin (1978).
Abnormal gonadotropin secretory responses to LRH
in transsexual women after diethylstilbestrol priming.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and
Metabolism
47: 176.
Green,
R. (1978). Sex-dimorphic behaviour development in
the human: Prenatal hormone administration and postnatal
socialization. Ciba Foundation Symposium (March
14) 62: 59.
Meyer-Bahlburg,
H.F.L. (1978). Behavioral effects of estrogen
treatment in human males. Pediatrics
(December)
62 (6): 1171.
|
1980's
|
Kester,
P., R. Green, S. Finch, and K. Williams, (1980). Prenatal ‘female
hormone’ administration and psychosexual development in human
males. Psychoneuroendocrinology,
5, 269-285.
Ehrhardt,
A., and H.F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg. (1981). Effects
of prenatal sex hormones on gender-related behavior. Science
(March 20) 211: 1312.
Online
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;7209510
Hines,
M. (1982). Prenatal gonadal hormones and sex differences
in human behaviour. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 56-80.
Vessey,
M.P., D.V. Fairweather, B. Norman-Smith, and J. Buckley. (1983).
A randomized double-blind controlled trial of the value of
stilboestrol therapy in pregnancy: long-term follow-up of mothers and
their offspring. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
90(11): 1007.
Reinisch,
J.M., and S. Sanders (1984). Prenatal gonadal steroidal influences on
gender-related behavior. Progress in Brain Research 61:
407.
Kwan,
M., J. Vanmaasdam, and J.M. Davidson. (1985). Effects
of estrogen treatment on male-to-female transsexuals:
Experimental and clinical observations. Archives
of Sexual Behavior (February) 14 (1):29.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;2983641
McEwen,
B.S. (1987). Steroid hormones and brain development:
Some guidelines for understanding actions of
pseudohormones and other toxic agents. Environmental
Health Perspectives (October) 74: 177.
Online
full-text (pdf):
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/1987/074/74020.PDF
Gill,
W.B. (1988). Effects on human males of in-utero exposure
to exogenous sex hormones. In T. Mori and H.Nagasawa (eds.), Toxicity
of Hormones in Perinatal
Life
(Boca Raton: CRC Press), 161.
Asscheman,
H., L.J.G. Gooren, and P.L.E. Eklund. (1989). Mortality and morbidity
in transsexual patients with cross-gender hormone treatment.
Metabolism 38: 869.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;2528051
|
1990's
|
Reinisch,
J. M., M. Ziemba-Davis, and S.A. Sanders (1991).
Hormonal contributions to sexually dimorphic behavioral
development in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology
16: 213.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;1961841
Giusti,
R.M., K. Iwamoto, and E.E. Hatch. (1995).Diethylstilbestrol
revisited: A review of the long-term
health effects. Annals of Internal Medicine (May 15) 122
(10): 778.
Abstract:
http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/abstract/122/10/778
Collaer,
M.L., and M. Hines (1995). Human behavioral sex differences: A role
for gonadal hormones during early development? Psychological
Bulletin 118: 55.
Bem,
D.J. (1996). Exotic becomes erotic: A developmental theory of sexual
orientation. Psychological Review 103: 320.
Dictionary
of Organic Compounds, 6th Edition (1996). Buckingham,
J., and F. Macdonald. (eds.): Diethylstilbestrol
entry (Volume 3, 2175).
Toppari,
J., and N.E. Skakkebaek. (1998). Sexual differentiation
and environmental endocrine disrupters.
Bailliere’s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
(April) 12 (1): 143.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;9890066
Dessens,
A.B., Cohen-Kettenis, P., Mellenbergh, G.J., v.d. Poll, N., Koppe,
J.G., and Boer, K. (1999). Prenatal exposure to anticonvulsants and
psychosexual development. Archives of Sexual Behavior 28: 31.
Wilson,
J.D. (1999). The role of androgens in male gender
role behavior. Endocrine Reviews 20: 726.
Abstract:
http://edrv.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/20/5/726
|
2000's
|
Berkson,
D.L. (2000). Hormone Deception. New York: Contemporary
Books.
Verdoux,
H. (2000). Does prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol
(DES) have psychiatric consequences?
Annales Medico-Psychologiques 158: 105.
Michel,
A., C. Mormont, and J.J. Legros. (2001). A psycho-endocrinological
overview of transsexualism. European
Journal of Endocrinology 145: 365.
Online:
http://www.eje.org/eje/145/eje1450365.htm
Sultan,
C., P. Balaguer, B. Terouanne, V. Georget, F. Paris,
C. Jeandel, S. Lumbroso, and J. Nicolas. (2001). Environmental
xenoestrogens, antiandrogens and disorders
of male sexual differentiation. Molecular
and Cellular Endocrinology 178: 99.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;11403899
Alexander,
G., and B.S. Peterson (2001). Sex steroids and
human behavior: Implications for developmental psychopathology.
CNS Spectrums 6: 75.
Sharpe,
R.M. (2001). Hormones and testis development and the possible adverse
effects of environmental chemicals. Toxicology
Letters 120: 221.
National
Toxicology Program, National Institutes of Health.
(2001). NTP Chemical Repository: Diethylstilbestrol.
(last accessed 2003 on NTP website,
http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov)
Friedman,
R.C., and Downey, J.I. (2002). Sexual orientation and
psychoanalysis: Sexual science and clinical practice. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Swaab,
D.F., W.C. Chun, F.P. Kruijver, M.A. Hofman, and T.A. Ishunina.
(2002). Sexual differentiation of the human hypothalamus. Advances
in Experimental Medicine and Biology511: 75.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;12575757
Toppari,
J., and N.E. Skakkebaek. (2002). Environmental endocrine disrupters
and disorders of sexual differentiation. Seminars in Reproductive
Medicine 20: 305.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;12428210
Verdoux,
H. (2002). Long-term psychiatric and behavioural
consequences of prenatal exposure to psychoactive
drugs. Therapie (March) 57(2): 181.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;12185968
Kerlin,
S., and D. Beyer. (2003). The DES Sons’ online discussion network.
Transgender Tapestry #100.
Udry,
R. (2003). Putting prenatal effects of sex-dimorphic
behavior in perspective: An absolutely complete
theory. Epidemiology 14 (2): 135.
Baron-Cohen,
S. (2003). The Essential Difference: Men,
Women
and the Extreme Male Brain. New York: Penguin.
Sayed,
Y., and P. Taxel. (2003). The use of estrogen therapy
in men. Current Opinion in Pharmacology (December)
3: 650.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;14644018
Kula,
K., J. Slowikowska-Hilczer. (2003). Consequences of
disturbed sex-hormone action in the central nervous system:
Behavioral, anatomical and functional changes. Neurol
Neurochir Pol. 37 Suppl 3: 19.
Abstract:
http://highwire.stanford.edu/cgi/medline/pmid;14560698
Ohyama,
K. (2004). Disturbances of sex differentiation caused
by exogenous hormones. Nippon Rinsho 62: 379.
Arai,
Y. (2004). Sex differentiation of central nervous
system--brain of man and woman. Nippon Rinsho 62: 81.
|
|
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DES Research Sources by Decade, Including
Issues
Primarily Affecting DES Sons
By Scott Kerlin, Ph.D., DES Sons International Network
February 2004 (Version 2.0)
|
1930's
|
Dodds, E.C., L. Goldberg, W. Lawson,
and R. Robinson. (1938). Oestrogenic activity of certain synthetic compounds.
Nature (Feb. 5) Vol. 141: 247.
Selye, H. (1939). On the toxicity of oestrogens with special reference to
diethylstilbestrol. Canadian Medical Association Journal (July), 48.
Shorr, E., F. Robinson, and G. N. Papanicolaou. (1939). A clinical study
of the synthetic estrogen stilbestol. Journal of the American Medical Association
(Dec. 23) 113 (26): 2312.
Buxton, C.L., and E.T. Engle. (1939). Effects of the therapeutic use of
diethylstilbestrol. Journal of the American Medical Association (Dec. 23)
113 (26): 2318.
|
1940's
|
Atkinson, D.W. (1940). A review of experimental
and clinical trials of stilbestrol. Endocrinology (August) 27(2): 161.
Greene, R.R., M.W. Burrill, and A.C. Ivy. (1940). Experimental intersexuality:
The effects of estrogens on the antenatal sexual development of the rat. American
Journal of Anatomy 67: 305.
Greene, R.R. (1944). Embryology of sexual structure and hermaphroditism.
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology 4: 335.
Fitzsimons, M.P. (1945). Gynaecomastia in stilboestrol workers. British
Journal of Industrial Medicine 1: 235.
Huggins, C. (1946). Prostatic carcinoma treated by orchiectomy: 5 year results.
Journal of the American Medical Association 131: 576.
|
1950's
|
Dieckmann, W.J., M.E. Davis, L.M. Rynkiewicz,
and R.E. Pottinger. (1953). Does the administration of diethylstilbestrol
during pregnancy have therapeutic value? American Journal of Obstetrics and
Gynecology (November) 66: 1062.
Ferguson, J.H. (1953). Effects of stilbestrol on pregnancy compared to the
effect of a placebo. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 65: 592.
Bongiovani, A.M., A.M. DiGeorge, and M.M. Grumbach. (1959). Masculinization
of the female infant associated with estrogenic therapy alone during gestation:
Four cases. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (August) 19:
1004.
Kaplan, N.M. (1959) Male pseudohermaphrodism: Report of a case, with observations
on pathogenesis. New England Journal of Medicine 261: 641.
|
1960's
|
Cleveland, W.M., and G.C.H. Chang (1965).
Male pseudohermaphroditism with female chromosomal constitution. Pediatrics
(December) 36 (6): 892.
|
1970's
|
FDA Drug Bulletin (1971, November). Diethystilbestrol Contraindicated in
Pregnancy.
Heinonen, O.P. (1973). Diethylstilbestrol in pregnancy: Frequency of exposure
and usage patterns. Cancer (March) 31: 573.
Yalom, I.D., R. Green, and N. Fisk. (1973). Prenatal exposure to female
hormones: Effect on psychosexual development in boys. Archives of General
Psychiatry (April) 28: 554.
Lanier, A.P., K.L. Noller, D.G. Decker, L.R. Elveback, and L.T. Kurland.
(1973). Cancer and stilbestrol: A follow-up of 1,719 persons exposed to estrogens
in utero and born 1943-1959. Mayo Clinic Proceedings (November) 48: 793.
Kinlen, L.J., M.A. Badracco, J. Moffett, and M.P. Vessey. (1974). A survey
of the use of oestrogens during pregnancy in the United Kingdom and of the
genito-urinary cancer mortality and incidence rates in young people in England
and Wales. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth
(November) 81: 849.
Hook, E.B. O.P, Heinonen, S. Shapiro, and D. Slone. (1974). Maternal exposure
to oral contraceptives and other female sex hormones: Relation to birth defects
in a prospectively ascertained cohort of 50,282 pregnancies. Teratology 9:
A-21.
Noller, K.L., and C.R. Fish. (1974). Diethylstilbestrol usage: Its interesting
past, important present, and questionable future. Medical Clinics of North
America (July) 58 (4): 793.
Bibbo, M., A. Maysoon, I. Baccarini, W. Gill, M. Newton, KM. Sleeper, M.
Sonek, and G.L. Wied. (1975). Follow-up study of male and female offspring
of DES-treated mothers. The Journal of Reproductive Medicine (July) 15 (1):
29.
Gill, W.B. , G.F.B. Schumacher, and M. Bibbo. (1976). Structural and functional
abnormalities in the sex organs of male offspring of mothers treated with
diethylstilbestrol. Journal of Reproductive Medicine 16 (4): 147.
Hoefnagel, D. (1976). Prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure and male hypogonadism.
Lancet (January 17).
Ober, W.B. (1976). Stilbestrol: A pathologist’s view. Pathology Annual 11:
227.
Henderson, B.E., B. Benton, M. Cosgrove, J. Baptista, J. Aldrich, D. Townsend,
W. Hart, and T. M. Mack. (1976). Urogenital tract abnormalities in sons of
women treated with diethylstilbestrol. Pediatrics (October) 58 (4): 505.
Bibbo, M., W.B. Gill, F. Azizi, R. Blough, V.S. Fang, R.L. Rosenfield, G.F.B.
Schumacher, K. Sleeper, M.G. Sonek, and G.L. Wied. (1977). Follow-up study
of male and female offspring of DES-exposed mothers. Journal of Obstetrics
and Gynecology (January) 49 (1): 1.
Cosgrove, MD., B. Benton, and B.E. Henderson. (1977). Male genitourinary
abnormalities and maternal diethylstilbestrol. Journal of Urology (February)
117: 220.
Gill, W.B., Schumacher, G.F.B., and M. Bibbo. (1977). Pathological semen
and anatomical abnormalities of the genital tract in human male subjects exposed
to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Journal of Urology (April) 117: 477.
Schwartz, R.W., and N.B. Stewart. (1977). Psychological effects of diethylstilbestrol
exposure. Journal of the American Medical Association 237: 252.
Herbst, A.L., R.E. Scully, S.J. Robboy, and W.R. Welch. (1978). Complications
of prenatal therapy with diethylstilbestrol. Pediatrics (December) 62 (6):
1151.
Ehrhardt, A.A., and H.F. Meyer-Bahlburg. (1978). Psychosexual development:
an examination of the role of prenatal hormones. Ciba Foundation Symposium
(March 14) 62: 41.
Green, R. (1978). Sex-dimorphic behaviour development in the human: Prenatal
hormone administration and postnatal socialization. Ciba Foundation
Symposium (March 14) 62: 59.
Mills, J.L., and A.M. Bongiovanni. (1978). Effect of prenatal estrogen exposure
on male genitalia. Pediatrics (December) 62 (6): 1160.
Meyer-Bahlburg, H.F.L. (1978). Behavioral effects of estrogen treatment
in human males. Pediatrics (December) 62 (6): 1171.
Gill, W.B., G.F.B. Schumacher, M. Bibbo, F.H. Straus, and H.W. Schoenberg.
(1979). Association of diethylstilbestrol exposure in utero with cryptorchidism,
testicular hypoplasia, and semen abnormalities. Journal of Urology, 122: 36.
Andonian, R.W., and R. Kessler. (1979). Transplacental exposure to diethylstilbestrol
in men. Urology 13: 276.
Shapiro, S., and D. Slone. (1979). The effects of exogenous female hormones
on the fetus. Epidemiologic Reviews 1: 110.
|
1980's
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Burke,
L., RJ Apfel, S. Fisher, and J. Shaw. (1980). Observations on the psychological
impact of diethylstilbestrol exposure and suggestions of management. Journal
of Reproductive Medicine 24: 99.
Kester, P., R. Green, S. Finch, & K. Williams, (1980). Prenatal ‘female
hormone’ administration and psychosexual development in human males. Psychoneuroendocrinology,
5, 269-285.
Ulfelder, H. (1980). The stilbestrol disorders in historical perspective.
Cancer (June 15) 45 (12): 3008.
Ehrhardt, A., and H.F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg. (1981). Effects of prenatal sex
hormones on gender-related behavior. Science (March 20) 211: 1312.
Beral, V., and L. Colwell. (1981). Randomized trial of high doses of stilboestrol
and ethisterone therapy in pregnancy: Long-term follow-up of the children.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 35: 155.
Whitehead, E.D., and E. Leiter. (1981). Genital abnormalities and abnormal
semen analyses in male patients exposed to diethylstilbestrol in utero. Journal
of Urology 125: 47.
Stenchever, M.A., R.A. Williamson, J. Leonard, L.E. Karp, B. Ley, K. Shy,
and D. Smith. (1981). Possible relationship between in utero diethylstilbestrol
exposure and male fertility. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
140 (2): 186.
Stillman, R.J. (1982). In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol: Adverse
effects on the reproductive tract and reproductive performance in male and
female offspring. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology (April
1) 142 (7): 905.
Hines, M. (1982). Prenatal gonadal hormones and sex differences in human
behaviour. Psychological Bulletin, 92, 56-80.
Koss, R.K., P. Garbeff, A. Paganini-Hill, and B.E. Henderson. (1983). Effect
of in-utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol on age at onset of puberty and
on postpubertal hormone levels in boys. Canadian Medical Association Journal
(May 15) 128: 1197.
Vessey, M.P., D.V. Fairweather, B. Norman-Smith, and J. Buckley. (1983).
A randomized double-blind controlled trial of the value of stilboestrol therapy
in pregnancy: long-term follow-up of mothers and their offspring. British
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (November) 90(11): 1007.
Hines, M., and C. Shipley. (1984). Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol
(DES) and the development of sexually dimorphic cognitive abilities and cerebral
lateralization. Developmental Psychology 20:81.
Shy, K.K., M.A. Stenchever, L.E. Karp, R.E. Berger, R.A. Williamson, and
J. Leonard. Genital tract examinations and zona-free hamster egg penetration
tests from men exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. Fertility and Sterility
(November) 42 (5): 772.
Leary, F.J., L.J. Resseguie, L.T. Kurland, P.C. O’Brien, R.F. Emslander,
and K.L. Noller. (1984). Males exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. Journal
of the American Medical Association (December 7) 252 (21): 2984.
Ehrhardt, A.A., H.F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, L.R. Rosen, J.F. Feldman, N.P. Veridiano,
I. Zimmerman, and B.S. McEwen. (1985). Sexual orientation after prenatal exposure
to exogenous estrogen. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 14: 57.
Meyer-Bahlburg, H.F.L., A. Ehrhardt, J. Endicott, N.P. Veridiano, E.D. Whitehead,
and F.H. Vann. (1985). Depression in adults with a history of prenatal DES
exposure. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 21 (3): 686.
Kwan, M., J. Vanmaasdam, and J.M. Davidson. (1985). Effects of estrogen
treatment on male-to-female transsexuals: Experimental and clinical observations.
Archives of Sexual Behavior (February) 14 (1): 29.
Niculescu, A.M. (1985). Effeccts of in utero exposure to DES on male progeny.
Journal of Obstetric,Gynecological and Neonatal Nursing 14 (6): 468.
Meyer-Bahlburg, H.F.L., and A. Ehrhardt. (1986). Prenatal diethylstilbestrol
exposure: Behavioral consequences in humans. Monograms in Neural Science 12:
90.
Meyer-Bahlburg, H.F.L., and A. Ehrhardt. (1987). A prenatal-hormone hypothesis
for depression in adults with a history of fetal DES exposure. In U. Halbriech
(Ed.), Hormones and Depression (N.Y.: Raven Press), 325.
Katz, D.L., F.R. Frankenburg, L.I. Benowitz, and J.M. Gilbert. (1987). Psychosis
and prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol. Journal of Nervous and Mental
Disease (May) 175 (3): 306.
McEwen, B.S. (1987). Steroid hormones and brain development: some guidelines
for understanding actions of pseudohormones and other toxic agents.
Environmental Health Perspectives (October) 74: 177.
Gill, W.B. (1988). Effects on human males of in-utero exposure to exogenous
sex hormones. In T. Mori and H. Nagasawa (eds.), Toxicity of Hormones in Perinatal
Life (Boca Raton: CRC Press), 161.
Saunders, E.J. (1988). Physical and psychological problems associated with
exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Hospital and Community Psychiatry (January)
39 (1): 73.
Gershman, S.T., and P.D. Stolley. A case-control study of testicular cancer
using Connecticut tumor registry data. (1988). International Journal of Epidemiology
17: 738.
Wortsman, J., A. Hamidinia, and S.J. Winters. (1989). Hypogonadism following
long-term treatment with diethylstilbestrol. American Journal of the Medical
Sciences (June) 297 (6): 365.
Williams, F. (1989). Diethylstilbestrol exposure and testicular cancer.
International Journal of Epidemiology 18 (2): 462.
Finegan, J.A., B. Bartleman, and P.Y. Wong. (1989). A window for the study
of prenatal sex hormone influences on postnatal development. Journal of Genetic
Psychology 150: 101.
|
1990's
|
Reinisch, J. M., Ziemba-Davis, M., and S.A.
Sanders (1991). Hormonal contributions to sexually dimorphic behavioral development
in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 16, 213-278.
Brahams, B. (1991). Diethylstilbestrol: Third generation injury claims.
Lancet 337: 785.
Marselos, M., and I. Tomatis. (1992). Diethylstilbestrol: I, Pharmacology,
toxicology, and carcinogenesis in humans. European Journal of Cancer 28A:
1182.
Reinisch, J., and S.A. Sanders. (1992). Effects of prenatal exposure to
diethylstilbestrol (DES) on hemispheric laterality and spatial ability in
human males. Hormones and Behavior 26 (1): 62.
Colborn, T., F.S. vonSaal, and A.M. Soto. (1993). Developmental effects
of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environmental Health
Perspectives 101: 378.
Pillard, R.C., L.R. Rosen, H.F.L. Meyer-Bahlburg, J.D. Weinrich, J.F. Feldman,
R. Gruen, and A. Ehrhardt. (1993). Psychopathology and social functioning
in men prenatally exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES). Psychosomatic Medicine
55: 485.
Sharpe, R.M., and , N.E. Skakkebaek. (1993). Are oestrogens involved in
falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? Lancet
(May 29) 341: 1392.
Berendes, H.W., and Y.J. Lee. (1993). Suspended judgment: The 1953 clinical
trial of diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy: Could it have stopped DES use?
Controlled Clinical Trials 14: 179.
Collaer, M.L., and M. Hines. (1995). Human behavioral sex differences: A
role for gonadal hormones during early development? Psychological Bulletin
(July) 118 (1): 55.
Meyer-Bahlburg, H. F. L., Erhardt, A. A., Rosen, L., Gruen, R., Veridiano,
V. F. H., & Neuwalder, H. F. (1995). Prenatal estrogens and the development
of homosexual orientation. Developmental Psychology, 31, 12-21.
Jones, L.A., and R.A. Hajek. (1995). Effects of estrogenic chemicals on
development. Environmental Health Perspectives (October) 103 (Suppl. 7):
63.
Wilcox, A.J., D.D. Baird, C.R. Weinberg, P.P. Hornsby, and A.L. Herbst.
(1995). Fertility in men exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol. New England
Journal of Medicine (May 25) 332 (21): 1411.
Giusti, R.M., K. Iwamoto, and E.E. Hatch. (1995). Diethylstilbestrol revisited:
A review of the long-term health effects. Annals of Internal Medicine (May
15) 122 (10): 778.
Dictionary of Organic Compounds, 6th Edition (1996). Buckingham, J., and
F. Macdonald. (eds.): Diethylstilbestrol entry (Volume 3, 2175).
Baird, D.D., Wilcox, A.J., and Herbst, A.L. (1996). Self-reported allergy,
infection, and autoimmune diseases among men and women exposed in utero to
diethylstilbestrol. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 49 (2); 263.
Laitman, C., M. Jonler, and E.M. Messing. (1997). The effects on men of
prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol. In L.I. Lipschultz & S.S. Howards
(eds.), Infertility in the male—3rd edition (St. Louis: Mosby), 268.
Kitahara, S., K. Yoshida, K. Ishizaki, Y. Kageyama, S. Kawakami, T.Tsujii,
and H. Oshima. Stronger suppression of serum testosterone and FSH levels by
a synthetic estrogen than by castration or an LH-RH agonist. Endocrine Journal
(August) 44 (4): 527.
Toppari, J., and N.E. Skakkebaek. (1998). Sexual differentiation and environmental
endocrine disrupters. Bailliere’s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (April)
12 (1): 143.
Barlow, S., R.J. Kavlok, J.A. Moore, S.L. Schantz, D.M. Sheehan, D.L. Shuey,
and J.M. Lary. (1999). Teratology Society Public Affairs Committee Position
Paper: Developmental toxicity of endocrine disruptors to humans. Teratology
60: 365.
|
2000's
|
Gupta, C. (2000). Reproductive malformation
of the male offspring following maternal exposure to estrogenic chemicals.
Experimental Biology and Medicine 224: 61.
Swan, S.H. (2000). Intrauterine exposure to diethylstilbestrol: long-term
effects in humans. APMIS (December) 108 (12): 793.
Verdoux, H. (2000). Does prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) have
psychiatric consequences? Annales Medico-Psychologiques 158 (2): 105.
Solomon, G.M., and T. Schettler. (2000). Environment and health: 6. Endocrine
disruption and potential human health implications. Canadian Medical Association
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